The CDC has released its Antimicrobial Resistance Threats Report for the first time in seven years.

Reporting from USA Today describes some of the key takeaways from the report. The bottom line is that 19 bacterial and fungal threats included therein are responsible for an estimated 9.7 million infections and 50,800 deaths annually in the U.S. Drug-resistant infections caught in healthcare settings accounted for over 42,000 deaths and created over $12 billion in costs.

The case numbers are up from the last time a report like this was issued, in 2019, but the CDC notes its methodologies for collecting those numbers has changed, which could explain some of the rise. Four types of infection were categorized as “urgent” by the CDC: C. auris, CRE, Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter, and drug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Several more infections were listed in the “serious threats” category, including C. diff, which was downgraded from urgent due to public health efforts to curb its spread. In a statement responding to the CDC’s report, SHEA calls out these efforts: “Decades of evidence-based infection prevention and antimicrobial stewardship practices have reduced healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and improved patient safety. The reclassification of Clostridioides difficile from an urgent to a serious threat demonstrates the importance of sustained infection prevention and antimicrobial stewardship efforts.”